The range is advertised as up to 34 miles. That would be an absolute maximum range in great conditions with an antenna that has gain and altitude...such as coastal Coast Guard antennas. The typical whip antenna on a boat has nowhere near that range....Remember that VHF radio is nearly line of sight, and the line of site distance (in km) to the horizon from any given Height H is about 4km for a Height of 1m...so your NLL held 1m above the water has about a 4km range to the horizon. The key to range is therefore the height of the antenna on the boat; if that is (say) 9m, then you get about a 12km range to the horizon. The line-of-sight distance goes as the square root of H, so you need a really tall antenna -- with a lot of gain -- to get to 34 miles.
Short answer: if you can se the boat, you can probably talk to it. If you can't even see it, good luck.