Perhaps unfortunately, there doesn't seem to be any valid objective way to reliably deduce a diver's skill level. Divers and the dives they make are just too varied, and some of the most useful pieces of information are necessarily subjective. (And just because *everyone's* subjective analysis is that the loudmouthed uberdiver is likely a buffoon does not make that generally reliable judgement objective. :biggrin
The general answer is that the more you dive, the more you tend to get a feeling for what someone is likely to be underwater. It becomes rather second nature to have an idea about a diver without having to think about it -- I know *I* don't use a checklist when evaluating divers on our trips. Still, there are *always* surprises, both good and not so good.
My spider-sense (or would that be octo-sense?
) was flashing with sirens and bells on one guy last year. He had been certified many years prior, but he had only about a dozen dives, total. He'd gone on two dives the previous year, but none in the decade before that. When it came up in conversation, I found didn't bother with tables, timers, stops, or any of that. On top of it all, this was a night dive. I wasn't the only one a bit uneasy, apparently, as I was pulled from being an extra observer for our AOW class and reassigned to dive just with him.
Well, he had excellent trim and buoyancy control, and he looked quite comfortable in the water. He was a bit flighty, but not really much more than a standard student, and light signals to get his attention worked nicely. When it came time to ascend, he took off far too quickly and with no stop (I think he just leapt from the water onto the bow), but other than that, he was not nearly so bad as had been suspected. (By the way, the instructors on the boat had a nice not-at-all-condescending talk with him about why we like to do slower ascents and safety stops; he seemed to be interested, at least.)
Anyway, so the "trick" is to do your best to evaluate a diver before the dive, but be prepared for the surprises you'll inevitably encounter during the dive. And of course, if you hit the water with a stranger from the boat and you discover that they are beyond your capabilities or preparation to deal with, *end the dive*. The worst thing that can happen is you "waste" a dive and you get them flaming mad, whereas the worst thing that can happen if you continue a dive with someone that bad is that one or both of you become statistics.

The general answer is that the more you dive, the more you tend to get a feeling for what someone is likely to be underwater. It becomes rather second nature to have an idea about a diver without having to think about it -- I know *I* don't use a checklist when evaluating divers on our trips. Still, there are *always* surprises, both good and not so good.
My spider-sense (or would that be octo-sense?

Well, he had excellent trim and buoyancy control, and he looked quite comfortable in the water. He was a bit flighty, but not really much more than a standard student, and light signals to get his attention worked nicely. When it came time to ascend, he took off far too quickly and with no stop (I think he just leapt from the water onto the bow), but other than that, he was not nearly so bad as had been suspected. (By the way, the instructors on the boat had a nice not-at-all-condescending talk with him about why we like to do slower ascents and safety stops; he seemed to be interested, at least.)
Anyway, so the "trick" is to do your best to evaluate a diver before the dive, but be prepared for the surprises you'll inevitably encounter during the dive. And of course, if you hit the water with a stranger from the boat and you discover that they are beyond your capabilities or preparation to deal with, *end the dive*. The worst thing that can happen is you "waste" a dive and you get them flaming mad, whereas the worst thing that can happen if you continue a dive with someone that bad is that one or both of you become statistics.