Training is a process where a formal system is followed to transfer knowledge. It is different to experience, or learning by watching. When a point is missed or a standard not reached the training involves rectifying the problem.
In the case of AS a diver is shown what to do several times and cannot pass the course without satisfactory performance. Change how that works and some feedback and review is required, otherwise how does the diver know they are doing it properly?
The definition you provided of training is one that the agencies would probably love but I question.
I pulled a few definitions of training from dictionaries: 1. a process by which someone is taught the skills that are needed for an art, profession, or job, 2. the act, process, or method of one that
trains; 3. Training means learning to do something. It includes practicing skills. The term is used for learning to do jobs, or play games.
By your definition training always requires 1. a formal system, 2. an expert to "transfer" knowledge, 3. a performance check of some sort. This definition discounts humans ability to learn, self educate, explore new areas of knowledge, and potentially innovate with new methods of education and training.
I switched to primary donate without any training by your definition. It was not hard and I have built muscle memory quite effectively. I watched and listened to others who use primary donate, I read published material on primary donate, I referenced my agency training material that covered Air2 configurations, I procured the material, and I practiced primary donate movements by myself and then with a buddy to ensure I could perform the maneuvers. Since switching I continue to practice the skill from time to time for maintenance, as I do with all my skills.
There was no in-person expert to transfer knowledge to me or check my performance using formal standards. As a result of using a self-training methodology am I a danger to myself or others? After using primary donate for several months now and having built experience using it I have no reason to believe that is a true statement; I am comfortable with the system, have build muscle memory with it to the point that if I anticipate a problem with someone else's regulator my hand moves first to my primary to be ready, and I have performed the skill under a variety of conditions and in a variety of environments.
I will acknowledge that I am more methodical that many others might be. There is a group of folks who might just copy things they see on youtube or hear on a board without truly understanding what they are doing or why but I tend to think it is a bit much to require a formal system of training. PADI would probably love it though, perhaps a primary donate specialty card will be the next one they come out with?
I will also acknowledge that all skills are not the same. Switching to primary donate is a relatively simple transition, I would not have attempted learning cave diving in the same way as it is much more complex and riskier.