It's hard to compare fairly prices of various elastomers. However, natural gum rubber is in such high demand these days that there is a deficit of Brazilian rubber trees to meet demand for things like rubber bands and aircraft tires. Nothing stores power like latex natural rubber, just ask any spearfisherman. I won't go into crosslinking and long vs short chains except to say that gum rubber's characteristics depend on the specific architecture and can be varied somewhat during formulation and manufacture to suit. This is also true of urethane but there are several basic types of urethane such as cast and millable gum making generalizations difficult without knowing the specific type.
Retail prices per pound of ready cast grade materials:
Natural latex: $4
polyurethane: $8
silicone: $14
My guess (WAG) is that the Excellerator costs about $50 to manufacture and about the same or a little less for the Biofin. Apparently, the retail price spreads are due to differences in production volume, eg, amortizing the tooling, overhead and gross margins.
Again, price, FOB of a specific material can vary all over the place. Buying raw gum rubber by the ton is not the same as casting grade or mould rubber. Same for the others. Right now, this is what I have for comparison. I have no price for elastomers used in Italian fins but it appears that the cost is slightly higher than natural rubber. Maybe I'll refine this stuff when I get a chance. Urethanes are definitely more expensive but the other claims made by Susanne are not convincing. I always thought of urethane as an extremely tough but slightly "dead" material. It does resist taking a "set" and thus a good material for O rings and motor mounts,etc.
Personally, when I opened that first box of Biofins I was pleasantly surprised. The slightly funky odor of natural gum rubber harked back to the days of Duck Feet. It is terrific stuff and used to be called "live rubber" for a reason. Incidentally, there is an outfit in Carlsbad, CA that is farm growing a type of bush which exudes latex from the bark. Well, actually it is rubber without the latex antigen (think allergy). Some folks are allergic to gum rubber. I doubt if there are many but I hope nobody tries to market a fin made of peanut skins. That would probably end up in the Supreme Court such is our culture.