I believe this happened to my wife, it's been difficult to figure out exactly what happened, so we've been at a loss as to figure out how to proceed.
On a trip to Cozumel a year and half ago she had 3-4 instances of losing her cool, but it all was really about not understanding what happened the first time. Keep in mind we easily have 600-800 dives over almost 20 years. DM's forgot to change her tank, and since she never finishes a tank, it lasted for about 20 minutes when she finally looked at her gauge (terrible habit for her, because it's never an issue), and only had about 300# left. Fortunately, we were only in about 50' of water, but typical Cozumel current. She got my attention, and I tried to give her my spare reg - something she probably hadn't done in 10 years... But when she took the reg, she indicated she couldn't get a breath, so she took back her reg and started for the surface. The whole time I could see pulses of "exhaled?" air, so I didn't understand what was happening. We met at the surface and she said she couldn't breath, that her throat had closed on her. So we examined our gear, thought maybe she accidentally inhaled some seawater, etc. But we kept diving. Once more on the trip she bolted for the surface believing she couldn't breath, and on a few other dives she struggled not to panic and bolt - even though she was able to breath, she kept feeling her throat close. It didn't help that we did Devil's throat a few days later and she had ear issues, and on the dive right after my HP hose to the gas gauge popped (something I knew needed to be replaced but pushed - bad idea). She's been fearless since I've known her, but I do tend to push things more than she's often comfortable with.
All told, we think her anxiety levels rose along with some underlying health issues related to Lyme (whole 'nother topic...) - like dry mouth. Since then we've only been to Bonnaire, so we could control the dives, avoid heavy currents, etc. She did OK, but did have to turn around early a few times, and we didn't go past 50' (most the time). It's hard to know how to proceed, but we think that it will need to be baby steps in order for her to regain confidence and subdue the lizard brain, we both love diving so much it's hard to fathom not being able to go anymore. After that trip I did by the Bio-filter for her, but we haven't had a chance to use it. Would love to hear thoughts.