TheGoast:
No you need "working pressure", "start pressure" and "end pressure"
all three pressures are needed for imperial calculation.
In reality you need all 3 regardless of whether the calculations
are done in imperial or metric. The full true calculation
is identical for either system of units.
When you work through the math using all the appropriate units
(PSI, CuFt, L, BAR, etc..)
if you don't use a working pressure in metric, you will get the
correct numerical answer but you will not end up with the
correct volume units.
Many folks leave off the units when doing their calculations
and slam on the final units because they know what
they should end up with. Thats where they get into trouble.
The "working pressure" can best be thought of as
"What should the pressure inside the cylinder be set to
in order to achieve the quoted volume?"
In metric this is simple since
ALL their volume ratings are done
as an empty volume. They are effectively all at the same pressure (1 ATA, or 1 BAR).
Since it is numerically "1" and doesn't affect the numerical
value of the calculation it is often left out of the equations.
But in reality it is still needed to make the units come out
correctly.
In Imperial, working pressure is not as simple.
It is all over the place. For aluminum 80s the working
pressure is around 3000 PSI. That means you need
3000 PSI to have 80 cubic feet of air in the tank.
You could just as easily have said that the tank volume
was 40 cubic feet with a working pressure of 1500 PSI.
The SAC calculation would be unaffected.
Working pressure has nothing to do with the starting or
ending pressure you see on your gauges during your dive
Here is a repost of my comment from a previous SAC thread
on this topic:
SAC Thread
--------------------------------------
With metric sizing the size/volume of the tank reported
is with a working pressure of atmospheric pressure or empty.
With imperial sizing, the size/volume of the tank reported is at the
rated workingpressure or full.
With metric you also have to know the working pressure as well,
(The full equations for metric and imperial are actually identical)
but because it is atmosspheric pressure in metric,
it all divides out and the equations are typically simplified.
With imperial because the volume of the tank reported is not
the empty volume, you have to know the working pressure
used for the reported volume.
Metric calculations get a freebie and can be simplified because the
working pressure is 1 pressure unit (1 BAR) and divides out.
In Imperial the volume isn't at a working pressure of 1 pressure
unit (1 PSI), so you have to account for it in the equations.
Even if Imperial used volumes of empty tanks the math would still
look more complicated because in Imperial atmospheric pressure
is not 1 pressure unit like it is in metric.
If you write down the full equations with all the units it will
become clearer.
Don't be mislead that there isn't a working pressure for Metric.
There is. It is usually left off because it is 1 and doesn't
affect the numeric portion of the answer.
For example lets look at the full equation:
vol = ((Start Pressure-End Pressure)/Working Pressure) *Tank Volume
In Metric, many folks will tend to short cut this into:
vol = (Start Pressure-End Pressure) *Tank Volume
However with real values AND units you will immediately
see the problem.
If you take the short cut
vol = (200 BAR - 50 BAR) * 15 Litre
You end up with:
Vol = 150 BAR * 15 Litre
Vol = 2250 BARLitre
What the heck is a BARLitre ?
You want to end up with Litre (L) not BARLitre or BARL
But if you use the FULL equation which includes the working
pressure you end up with the correct units.
Vol = ((200 BAR - 50 BAR) / 1 BAR) * 15 Litre
Vol = 150BAR/1BAR * 15 Litre
Vol = 150 * 15 Litre
Vol = 2250 Litre
Vol = 2250 L
The units all divide out properly.
You need that working pressure to divide out the pressure
units to leave you with just a proper volume unit.
So many people try to take short cuts and make mistakes
by leaving off the units and then slapping them on the end number
because they know what the units of final answer should be.
You can cheat and can get away leaving off the working pressure in
metric; however, in Imperial you cannot.
For me, I always do equations and conversions with full units.
If the equations are correct, the proper units will be left.
--- bill