Well, the one thing I'll say about that is that study subjects aren't aware that they are trying to achieve anything, and the "failures" are unpleasant experiences for the patients who have them, but they are not "failures" that affect their morale.
When I took the general surgery oral boards, I went into one small room after another. In each room, there were several examiners. One would ask a question, and I would answer it. If I answered correctly, the questions would get harder. Eventually, they would reach a question I couldn't answer, and then they would change the subject and start over. In every room, with every question, they continued until I failed.
At the end of the exam, I knew I had failed. After all, every subject ended with me unable to answer. In fact, I had done extremely well in many subjects, and I easily passed the boards. But my personal experience was one of failure.
To take bright, motivated, capable students, and stress them repeatedly until they fail, is a recipe for killing enthusiasm and worse, it's a recipe for inculcating self-doubt and paralysis into people who previously viewed themselves as capable. You can create obstacles and make them difficult, but you have to allow people some success, or you can damage them.
When I took the general surgery oral boards, I went into one small room after another. In each room, there were several examiners. One would ask a question, and I would answer it. If I answered correctly, the questions would get harder. Eventually, they would reach a question I couldn't answer, and then they would change the subject and start over. In every room, with every question, they continued until I failed.
At the end of the exam, I knew I had failed. After all, every subject ended with me unable to answer. In fact, I had done extremely well in many subjects, and I easily passed the boards. But my personal experience was one of failure.
To take bright, motivated, capable students, and stress them repeatedly until they fail, is a recipe for killing enthusiasm and worse, it's a recipe for inculcating self-doubt and paralysis into people who previously viewed themselves as capable. You can create obstacles and make them difficult, but you have to allow people some success, or you can damage them.