Using your terms, I'd say that buoyancy, trim, and propulsion together form the heart of positioning - the mechanics of going where you want to go.
The platform is achieved when you can hold your position in one spot. Staying where you want to stay. Stability. This is needed for doing any kind of task in the water, like photography, surveying, holding a safety stop, etc.
And finally art, to me, is when you do something profound and beautiful with your positioning, based on the environment and situation. I don't think there's any shortcut to this other than to be observant and gain experience especially in challenging situations involving current, problem solving, poor visibility, etc.
For example, I found it amazing that my dive guides could hover in calm eddies in a dive site where currents were raging, when the rest of us were hooked in. Heck, even mantas gave up fighting it!