Spiegel Incident

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I guess the point I was trying to make is diving the SG with 80 cuft is not impossible but a bit dodgy to say the least, and in my opinion contributed to this incident as the Father had to surface as he was low on air, he was diving with an 80cuft. I am not saying this was the case but perhaps if he was around he could have influenced the outcome of this tragic incident, but as the sons were diving with119's he had to surface ahead of them. I say this as I dive with my step son and we always make an air check through out the dive especially near the end, some times I have to be very firm and ensure he surfaces with me he always has more air than I due to a better SAC rate and would like to continue for a few more minutes, I always keep in mind that he seems to feel the effects of narcosis more than I on the deeper dives.

Having said this my prayers go out to the injured diver and his family I will be thinking of them and hope they have a happy outcome.
 
Were we reading the same description?

I think so - I would agree that inexperience plays a role here if a diver trying to control his vest still popped to the surface rapidly from 30fsw. It's not a "bolt to the surface" by someone racing to ensure they don't run out of air or otherwise panicked, but still a sign of some control issue.

I don't remember any report of high seas or such a condition that would make it unusually hard to control ascent, but correct me if I missed that.
 
I think so - I would agree that inexperience plays a role here if a diver trying to control his vest still popped to the surface rapidly from 30fsw. It's not a "bolt to the surface" by someone racing to ensure they don't run out of air or otherwise panicked, but still a sign of some control issue.

I don't remember any report of high seas or such a condition that would make it unusually hard to control ascent, but correct me if I missed that.

They were not on a charter boat, they have their own boat. They make the trip to Florida 3-4 times a year for scuba trips together, so have logged in tons of dives together.

These were evidently divers with enough experience not to have those control issues, and there was no indication of panic. That's why I said that there was no panicked bolt to the surface, as had been earlier speculated.

Here's some more speculation.

I think that the way inflator hoses have the inflate/deflate buttons right next to each other is a problem, and I know a number of instructors who teach students with BCDs to use the right shoulder dump or rear dump during ascent instead of the inflator hose because it is so easy to hit the wrong one, even with an experienced diver. It would only take one quick shot to get exactly the result that was described here.

I am planning to replace the inflator mechanism on my wing for a similar reason. The design is such that it is nearly impossible to vent air using it without having the hand resting on the inflator button in some way. With a gloved hand especially it is easy to give yourself a shot of air while trying to deflate. For that reason I almost never use that hose for deflating.

Again, that is just speculation, but it makes sense to me.
 
Thanks for the additional info SK! I see that you did complete you profile with 25 - 49 dives in 10 or more years so I guess you understand a lot of this more than a non-diver would, but maybe not as much as a more active & more experienced diver might? Very helpful info tho. :thumb:

Also, MAYBE (speculation here) any nitrogen bubbles HE DID have, would not have been as focused on his spine area, since bubbles tend to go to the highest point. Matthew was face down, and the highest point for him would have naturally been the back area. Andrew did have some slight bend issues in his knees, but no major hits like Matthew.
I don't know that body position would affected how micro bubbles accumulate flowing in the blood? Never thot of it before. Interesting thot...
They said they believed Andrew surfaced about a minute after Matthew did. Matthew allowed Andrew to go on the boat first (so typical of him-puts his brother first), Then, while he waited next to the boat,he said to his Dad, "Dad,my chest hurts." His Dad said,"Get on the boat fast",and both guys helped get him up fast.
That delay in boarding was actually somewhat helpful. Negligible maybe, but I always take a minute or two floating on top intentionally.
The talk of 20 minutes was by the news media, not from us. Yes, Matthew's guage read 135 feet. Andrew's guage read a little deeper, but we don't know why, (150 feet) because it is not supposed to be that deep? We think there must have been something wrong with his guage. Although, Andrew did dive "under" the front of the ship at some point. At one point in time, Andrew was "caught" in some fishing line above the ship, and his Dad had to help him out of that. While Matthew was waiting for that to occur, he said he pretty much waited on the bottom on the sand, which would have shortened his air supply. They were not on nitrox, just regular tank fill. None of these guys ever drink alcohol, so that was not a factor.
I think you said that none of them were diving computers, so you're talking about their depth gauges then. You can set those to record the max depth of a dive, or forget to do so and leave the previous max on there, I think; I haven't had one in years since I switched to computers, but I think so. Perhaps Andrew had an old reading of 150 he left on his?
Matthew stopped for decompression, at around 30 feet, but not for long enough, only for about one minute. He said he was going up at an angle, then suddenly the BC vest, which he was TRYING to control, shot him to the surface straight up and fast, from about 25 feet to the surface. It happened so fast. I know I have had that happen to me while diving, but certainly not from this deep of a dive. Sadly, it happened.
I have a hunch he may have pressed the inflate button by mistake right next to the deflate button on some BCs. Seen that a few times. Maybe not; maybe he just lost control of expanding air in his BC.
When they were deep, Matthew saw his tank air was at 200-300psi, and knew he had to GO !! ( Yes- I agree- big mistake-here- I'm guessing he should have GONE UP at 700-1000psi) His twin was spear fishing, too, and going the opposite direction, so Matthew had to tell Andrew FIRST that he was going up, so he SWAM to him to tell him (thus using up more air). Andrews guage said he had 400 psi at this point. Then they began ascending together. Neither ran out of air during the whole ascent, and still had air left at the surface. At the 30 feet stop, Matthew said he felt how he had to "pull" a little harder to get the air out of his regulator.
Wow!?
They were not on a charter boat, they have their own boat. They make the trip to Florida 3-4 times a year for scuba trips together, so have logged in tons of dives together. Matthew and Andrew both had NEW tanks- sizes 119cf. Bob(Dad) had the old tank of 80cf.
Ok, wondered how the boys could have larger tanks than dad? They had their own boat, many scuba trips, and bought larger tanks but not computers. No one left on boat for safety. Not much in the way of dive planning, gas management, etc. If the other two ever dive again, I bet we could offer a long list of suggestions about their approaches.
Hope in some way this information will be helpful to train other divers,and avoid future deaths, accidents. I hope to answer any other questions you have for this end result. Most of you are dive instructors, so please teach others from all of our details and mistakes. And yes, they SHOULD have stayed together !! Please do take the time to pray for his recovery to wholeness by a miracle from God. Thank you from my heart !!
Yes very much, thank you!
While the three of them were diving, no one was on the boat. (I am not familiar if that is even legal protocol or not). I don't know what DAN is, but they did call the coast guard.
I doubt that there was much need in this severe of a case to call DAN. They knew they were in big trouble, and that hospital is well experienced in hits, as well as accustomed to calling for consultations when desired. DAN is an excellent resource for info when needed or even in doubt or even curious, as well as where most of us get our dive insurance. Hope he is well covered, there or elsewhere. DAN Divers Alert Network I suggest never, ever diving without their coverage, but some do.
When I dove the SG with one dive op in Key Largo I was surprised that the gave me an Aluminum 80cuft not pumped up to the max pressure I did a quick calculation and realised I had about 74 cuft. In my opinion to give some one anything less than a min 100 cuft to dive a wreck at this depth is dangerous and incompetent. This is one of many low air incidents they have had on the SG, next time I go it will go with a dive op that have a much better selection in including pony bottles and doubles.

Not saying this is the cause but I think sometimes divers on this wreck get taken by surprise how quick their air is used up at 4 atmospheres plus the additional time to ascend, take into account if something should go wrong like getting caught in fishing line SAC rate increases un-expected deco obligation and you have a gas problem. Oh I know there are people that would say this should not happen but the fact is it does, so again IMHO charters that supply only 80 cuft bottles for dives on this wreck need to wake up and realize they are endangering peoples lives and consider more than just making money.
Well, it's all too common for Keys and around the greater Caribbean to carry only 80s, which is actually rounded up from around 78 cf. Scuba Cylinder Specification Chart from Huron Scuba, Ann Arbor Michigan Many boats are fitted only to accommodate 80s. Good luck on finding an Op with a selection, much less ponies, but then diving with a pony is another discussion. If you want to dive a pony, you generally own your own bottle & second reg, break it down to fly, practice with it, etc.
 
I guess the point I was trying to make is diving the SG with 80 cuft is not impossible but a bit dodgy to say the least, and in my opinion contributed to this incident as the Father had to surface as he was low on air, he was diving with an 80cuft. I am not saying this was the case but perhaps if he was around he could have influenced the outcome of this tragic incident, but as the sons were diving with119's he had to surface ahead of them. I say this as I dive with my step son and we always make an air check through out the dive especially near the end, some times I have to be very firm and ensure he surfaces with me he always has more air than I due to a better SAC rate and would like to continue for a few more minutes, I always keep in mind that he seems to feel the effects of narcosis more than I on the deeper dives.

Having said this my prayers go out to the injured diver and his family I will be thinking of them and hope they have a happy outcome.

Actually, if dad was hanging around on his AL80 while the twins were racing around chasing big fish, they may have been close to turn pressure at the same time. It is clear from his earlier ascent that he was aware of his pressure, so you may be right that his presence could have had them all turning with better pressure. Would they have made extra or longer stops at mid-water depths if they had more gas? That should have helped ease the hit.

Still, if you pop to the surface from 30fsw, you can take a hit no matter what else you were up to. I don't think dad necessarily would have stopped that from happening by being there.

Those 119s also provide more opportunity to get in deco trouble without careful planning and computer assistance. If they had been diving AL80s at more conservative depths, then they probably wouldn't build an obligation before they ran low on gas. A slow ascent and conservative safety stops would have been enough to get them safely back to the surface. It's clearly possible that, with extra air, no computers and minimal dive planning, the boys spent too long too deep to avoid some real deco obliation. It may be that Andrew was super lucky to get to the surface with achy knees. It certainly sounds like they spent a fair amount of time in the area of the bottom, but I wonder just how long. If they had done a hundred dives at 40-80fsw, many would still label them as inexperienced relative to a 135fsw profile.


Information that would still be interesting for discussion:

1. How long were they on or around the bottom before dad left?
2. Was dad actively fishing as well, or just hanging and watching his sons play around?
3. What were dad's turn pressure and ascent profile?
4. What were the twins' pressure when dad turned?
5. How often were they checking their pressure levels?
6. How long after dad left did they remain before starting ascent?
7. If there were no gas issues, what was their original ascent plan?
8. While thay have made many dives together, had they been to the Spiegel Grove before?
9. How about other dives at this depth?
10. How many dives had they done since getting the 119s? Any other deep dives?


It is very possible that Matthew saved his brother's life. It would seem that they were both dangerously low on gas. If Matthew didn't realize it and start the ascent, when would Andrew have noticed? Gas goes pretty quickly when you're that deep.
 
These were evidently divers with enough experience not to have those control issues, and there was no indication of panic. That's why I said that there was no panicked bolt to the surface, as had been earlier speculated.

Here's some more speculation.

I think that the way inflator hoses have the inflate/deflate buttons right next to each other is a problem, and I know a number of instructors who teach students with BCDs to use the right shoulder dump or rear dump during ascent instead of the inflator hose because it is so easy to hit the wrong one, even with an experienced diver. It would only take one quick shot to get exactly the result that was described here.

I am planning to replace the inflator mechanism on my wing for a similar reason. The design is such that it is nearly impossible to vent air using it without having the hand resting on the inflator button in some way. With a gloved hand especially it is easy to give yourself a shot of air while trying to deflate. For that reason I almost never use that hose for deflating.

Again, that is just speculation, but it makes sense to me.

True, but isn't that all part of experience and skill? If you deflate a little too hard, you might need to quickly put a little back in to avoid dropping. Someone at that skill level might use the inflator hose. If this was a family with their own boat and a diving tradition, I wonder how much formal training they had and how much of their skill and experience came from diving with dad? Remember, they used no computers and didn't appear to have any sort of formal dive plan.

I would suggest that the concern for low air and the prior five minutes or so of tension associated with it during the ascent from 135fsw to 30fsw may have been a factor. I wouldn't call it panic, but the harder pull for air before the last ascent might have been enough set the stage for such a mistake, if that's what happened.

However you slice it, the rapid ascent from 30fsw was diver error.
 
True, but isn't that all part of experience and skill? If you deflate a little too hard, you might need to quickly put a little back in to avoid dropping. Someone at that skill level might use the inflator hose. If this was a family with their own boat and a diving tradition, I wonder how much formal training they had and how much of their skill and experience came from diving with dad? Remember, they used no computers and didn't appear to have any sort of formal dive plan.

I would suggest that the concern for low air and the prior five minutes or so of tension associated with it during the ascent from 135fsw to 30fsw may have been a factor. I wouldn't call it panic, but the harder pull for air before the last ascent might have been enough set the stage for such a mistake, if that's what happened.

However you slice it, the rapid ascent from 30fsw was diver error.

All I said was that this was not the panicked bolt to the surface that some people have suggested. I don't question that he was probably a bit anxious and that this would have contributed to a skill issue, but it is not a panicked bolt. There was a thread not long ago in which a highly experienced tech instructor talked about an unplanned and sudden ascent on his part. (Although not all the way to the surface, it covered much more distance than this one.) If a tech instructor can do this, it can happen to someone with this experience level without any need to call it panic.

I am also extremely aware of the other issues. That is why I asked earlier what system they were using to plan decompression. They seemed to have a sense that they needed to stop at certain points for certain lengths of time, but I wonder where they got that information.

I see little evidence of the kind of training necessary for planned decompression diving. One thing no one seems to know about is the normal procedures for omitted decompression. If I had a problem that caused that ascent, I would have submerged as soon as possible to complete the missed decompression. I would have gotten gas, any gas, as soon as possible and dropped down to the missed stop level. (Note: omitted decompression is not the same as in-water-recompression. It is done before you become symptomatic.) They may have ultimately not have had time to do this before symptoms set in, but the idea did not seem to have occurred to them.

In other words, we may have to add another general cause: diving beyond the limits of your training.
 
Last I heard, there was not many rental or charter boat tanks larger than 80 cf on Key Largo.

I think you are correct, Don. I was recently diving in KL and on the SG. 80s are a common rental tank used in KL

Personally, I like KL diving because operators tend to not baby-sit divers. Divers are expected to plan their own dives and to be back on the boat by a given time.

It's entirely possible to plan and execute safe, fun dives on the deeper wrecks in Key Largo using rental 80 cu ft tanks.

As a relatively frequent visitor, in the last six years, I have 20 dives on the Spiegel Grove and 19 dives on the Duane using 80s with 32% nitrox. My usual max depths are similar on the 2 wrecks at 100-110 ft. Average depth on the Duane is often a bit deeper than the Spiegel Grove but both are usually 70-75 ft. Total dive times are usually in the range of 40-45 minutes. These dives are generally reasonably close to NDLs. I make it a point to always surface with a reasonable gas reserve.

Many posters on this thread have nicely outlined the many factors that contribute to making dives like this safe and enjoyable.

Good diving, Craig
 
With a gloved hand especially it is easy to give yourself a shot of air while trying to deflate.

I have to say that with several hundred dives in Puget Sound, in dry gloves with thick liners, this has never happened to me. Maybe it has to do with how I have learned to hold the inflator. I probably do 90% of my venting in open water with the inflator hose.
 
So apparently my initial speculation was probably correct. If they had simply been carrying pony bottles, they would probably have been fine. Carrying new big heavy steel tanks.. wonder if they were wearing lead for aluminum tanks, that could certainly explain the runaway from 30 feet.

Also if they were spearfishing, especially at 130 feet, depending on a buddy to help you when you are concentrating on killing a fish is not my idea of a good plan. You just absolutely have to have your own redundancy or be willing to accept the risk of death or paralysis if you choose to dive without a plan B. So sad.
 
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