I recommend removing the nose plug when you are not diving. The motor controller pulls a few watts of quiescent power when enabled, so leaving it enabled for 12+ hours over night can drain a noticeable amount charge. Salt spray will not affect the gold plated contacts, just don't stand it on the tail, so that water can collect in the nose recess, which will enable the controller and cause electrolysis on the pins. Salt spray will damage the charger, so keep the charger out of the weather.
No, USB A is typically used on hosts. There's no law that says it cannot be used on devices. Waterproof USB A bulkheads are much more available and USB A to USB A cables are also readily available at local stores for a few bucks, so we do not have to force customers to buy an overpriced UART or I2C converter to connect to their DPV.