Thanks, Adrian -- "takes one to know one"
The GEM is keyed to respiration in that with expiration gas is vented from the mouthpiece. However, the amount is keyed by forcefulness of expiration. The idea would be that if you are working harder and, thus, extracting more oxygen from the loop that you will also be breathing harder which vents more gas and results in more fresh gas being added to the loop. You can "trick" the system by not breathing very forcefully, however. The advantage is that you will have tremendous gas extension. The downside is that the FIO2 in the loop will be lower due to less frequency of fress gas being added.
The GEM is keyed to respiration in that with expiration gas is vented from the mouthpiece. However, the amount is keyed by forcefulness of expiration. The idea would be that if you are working harder and, thus, extracting more oxygen from the loop that you will also be breathing harder which vents more gas and results in more fresh gas being added to the loop. You can "trick" the system by not breathing very forcefully, however. The advantage is that you will have tremendous gas extension. The downside is that the FIO2 in the loop will be lower due to less frequency of fress gas being added.