1. How common is it to manually fill your BC underwater by blowing on the inflator vs. using your tank? Are there times when it might not be a good idea to do it by blowing through the inflator?
Let me guess. Your newbie air consumption is not so hot...and you'd like to conserve tank air by orally inflating your BC. (Correct me if I'm wrong.)
To answer your question, I'd say it's not that common to fill the BC orally under water instead of using the power inflater. Most divers would probably just use the power inflater since it's more convenient. I guess it depends on your preference.
One of my dive buddies likes to fill his BC orally during the dive as a way to make his tank air do "double duty." I think this is a good skill to practice just in case you have to disconnect a leaky LP inflater hose.
As your buoyancy control improves and you're not doing the yo-yo thing under water, you'll find that you won't be adding/dumping air to your BCD quite as often...so you won't be "wasting" that much tank air by inflating your BCD with the power inflater.
The only time I can think of that it would be a bad idea to inflate the BC orally is if there's something preventing oral inflation, e.g., blocked mouthpiece, etc.
String brings up the possibility of reg free-flow in cold water.
Typically, I like to descend fairly quickly, and I'm constantly equalizing on the way down, so it's just more convenient to add air to the BCD with the power inflater.
2. Which raises another question for me, if you do this manually underwater, aren't you technically holding your breath while you switch from regulator to the BC air inflator? How long is it safe to hold your breath while switching back-and-forth?
First of all, it is possible to slooooooowly exhale while switching from reg to BC oral inflation mouthpiece. However, this is a wonderful lead-in to a teaching point...
I think you should ask yourself
when you might be adding air to your BC under water. Think about it for a little while...
Under such conditions, is it a problem to be holding your breath?
Think about why OW students are taught never to hold their breath.
When is it really unsafe to hold your breath? At such a time, would you want to be adding air to your BC?
*edited later* I see that
String has short-circuited this teaching moment.
Have fun and dive safe.