The DOT's jurisdiction only applies to interstate commerce (they used to be the Interstate Commerce Commission), so unless the tanks being filled are used in interstate commerce, DOT has no jurisdiction over them.
The DOT has in the past ruled that they get to have a say in tanks that may potentially be used in interstate commerce however, so if it is portalble and capable of being transported out of state or used in commerce, they could potentially cite a fill station for filling one that is out of hydro.
So that pretty much leaves privately owned tanks filled from privately owned compressors that are not transported across state lines exempt from a hydro inspection.
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Practically speaking, if I am standing next to my personal tank filling it offf my personal compressor, I still want to know it has passed hydro in the last 5 years and has been inspected recently.
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There is no telling what may have contaminated the tank in terms of hydrocarbons during the hydro test process, so hydro testing will require new O2 cleaning if you need to have an O2 clean tank.
That said, if you are using banked mixes, continuous blending or any method other than partial pressure blending, where O2 over 40% ever enters the tank, no special O2 cleaning is required - although an amazing number of shops require it, mostly as a revenue source.
Even with mixes over 40%, having an O2 clean valve is more critical than having an O2 clean tank as that is where the heating occurs.
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Personally, I tumble my tanks after they are hydro tested as they tend to come back with flash rust that I prefer to remove, especially in a tank that needs to be O2 clean. At that point O2 cleaning is just another step in the process and takes maybe 5 minutes longer to do.