I have been to Korea couple of times yrs ago but cannot recall ever seeing mask/respirators being used on public transport. Korean are indeed incredibly polite.I am in Italy. I started using an high quality 3M respirator (the model with active carbon filter) when I was a student and I had to travel frequently by train between Parma and Bologna (1h), in the eighties.
At the time it was still allowed to smoke on trains, and many people started to use respirators (although mostly the simple ones, not those with active carbon filters as my ones).
This disappeared 10 years later, when smoking was finally forbidden almost everywhere.
But I often travel for work in far east (Japan, Korea) and there masks have always been used on public transportation or in crowded places, also outdoors.
In Seoul, for example, they use respirators outdoors, for protection against air pollution (microdust) travelling there from China.
Wearing a mask in these countries is a sign of taking care for themself and for others. Not wearing it is considered a sign of arrogance or of ignorance.
Koreans are very kind, I was often offered a mask when I did not wear one. And refusing it is not nice for them.
All this pre-Covid...
I also had a brief stop over in Seoul(48hrs) few years ago and again not a sign of mask being used on the public transport.