Since we have many different agencies with different interpretations we do not have a standard. We do have a set of minimum criteria that all use. So in essence we do have a market based system. The agency that provides the least desirable training will go away from students going to another who provides a better service.
I don't see how students can possibly be in a position to select among agencies. First, I can assume they know absolutely nothing about diving. Even if they had a comparison chart in front of them, how can they understand the subtleties? Second, within a geographic area there may be a limited number of LDS's (say 1) and that LDS teaches, say, PADI. The LDS isn't going to discuss NAUI as a superior product! So, within that geographic area, there are no choices without seeking out an independent instructor. But how do you find one? Travel to the local diving hole and ask around? That seems unlikely for a prospective student. Ask your buddy? Well, that will certainly be an objective discussion.
An independent instructor with one of the certifying agencies COULD be an excellent choice. But, when people want to learn to dive, they want to learn right now, as fast and easy as possible. Whatever the LDS offers will be just fine as long as they can make their dive trip on time. What do they know about diving?
Unless a student is selecting outside the big 3 agencies (PADI, NAUI, SSI), the curriculum is likely to be identical. How many ways are there to remove/replace a mask underwater? Given that some agencies have only 4 open water dives, how much can they really teach? At best there is about 2 hours of bottom time; total. The only way it is more is if there are a lot of students with a bunch of time spent hanging around watching the other students stumble through the exercises.
Two hours of bottom time and off to dive the world! Scary... And yet, for the most part, it works out ok. Some divers take additional classes and become better divers, some divers never get any better and many divers quit after they scare themselves silly.
As to the tables: remember that the Navy tables used to have a 1% incidence of DCS among healthy, young, divers. Maybe they still do. After all, Navy divers usually have access to a recompression chamber. I wouldn't expect the tables to cover a 62 year old diver with coronary artery disease. In fact, I don't think any of the tables would necessarily be conservative for that diver.
I would venture to guess that most new divers blow off the tables altogether and just buy a computer. They take one look at the process and throw up their hands. Compared to all the other money spent buying equipment, what's a little more?
Richard