As a lifelong snorkeller, never a scuba diver, I've come to prefer simple, traditional designs. There have been several new and revised national and international standards on snorkels dating from British Standard 4532 of 1969/1977 through German Standard 7876 of 1980/1991 to European Standard 1972 of 1997/2015. Here's a table I compiled showing prescribed changes in barrel length and internal diameter or in inner volume over five decades:
Observations on how these dimensions have changed over time as science and technology have progressed:
- Maximum tube length has almost halved (from 600 to 380 mm) over the years.
- Maximum bore (inner diameter) has increased (from 18 to 25 mm) over the years.
- Capacity (or inner volume) has replaced inner diameter when dimensioning snorkels over the years.
- Different snorkel dimensions have evolved for different users over the years (first adults/children; then heights >150 cm and <150 cm; then individual lung capacities).
The latest European Standard EN 1972, dated 2015 and entitled "Diving equipment. Snorkels. Requirements and test methods", sets a maximum length of 350 millimetres and a maximum inner volume of 150 cubic centimetres for breathing tubes used by people with small lung capacities. That includes small children, who may not have the pulmonary strength to breathe easily when using an adult-sized snorkel head downwards on the surface, or to blow water out of the barrel when surfacing after a dive.
Here's my personal snorkel collection
:
1. Global Riviera snorkel (Made in USA). S-shaped plastic tube with ball valve, rubber mouthpiece (missing) and adjustable rubber head strap.
2. Heinke snorkel tube (Made in England). J-shaped anodised aluminium tube with black rubber mouthpiece.
3. Britmarine "Lloyd Bridges" black snorkel (Made in England for American market). J-shaped black plastic tube with keeper and black rubber mouthpiece.
4. Britmarine "Marina" snorkel (Made in England). J-shaped blue plastic tube with keeper and blue rubber mouthpiece.
5. Britmarine "Turtle" snorkel (Made in England). Blue plastic tube with combination U-bend and mouthpiece in blue rubber.
6. Nemrod snorkel (Made in Spain). Orange plastic tube with combination V-bend and mouthpiece in black rubber.
7. Yaroslavl snorkel (Made in Russia). L-shaped blue plastic tube with blue rubber offset rotatable mouthpiece.
8. Soviet snorkel (Made in the USSR). L-shaped aluminium tube with green rubber keeper and grey rubber offset mouthpiece.
9. Sommap Annelé snorkel (Made in France). Black plastic tube with keeper and combination corrugated flexible hose and mouthpiece in black rubber.
10. SEAC Corrugato Silner snorkel. Black plastic tube with keeper and combination corrugated flexible hose and mouthpiece in black EPDM.
11. AQA Jumbo snorkel (Made in Japan). Contoured black wide-bore plastic tube with keeper and rubber elbow with rotatable rubber mouthpiece.
12. Paragon SN2250 snorkel (Made in Taiwan). Contoured pink wide-bore plastic barrel with keeper, semi-dry top and silicone mouthpiece with purge valve.
13. Paragon SN2250 snorkel (Made in Taiwan). Contoured yellow wide-bore plastic barrel with keeper, semi-dry top and silicone mouthpiece with purge valve.
Snorkels 1-8 (with the possible exception of No 7) are no longer in production, while 9-13 are still available from online dealers.