The question posed at the start of the thread does not have a unique answer. The effect of 3min of deco on surfacing GF will depend greatly on the dive profile.
The Bühlmann ZHL-16 model (all its subtypes included) is based upon theoretical compartments of varied half-times. The controlling compartment on a given dive will vary with depth and time. Thus, the half-time of the leading compartment may be 4min or over 600min, with 3 additional minutes of deco changing from considerably impactful to absolutely irrelevant.
Two simple examples. First example, a dive to 40m for 9min. Ascending directly to the surface, you will arrive there at 95% of M value on leading compartment (GF high of 95). 3min at 3m will reduce the load on the leading compartment all the way to 65%. Second example, a dive to 15m for 83min. Again, surfacing directly will put you at about 95% in the leading compartment. If you spend 3min at 3m, it should reduce the surfacing GF to about 90.
In both examples, air is used both as back gas and deco gas.