Supplying you with the verbatim standards covers MOST of your questions.Im still have trouble getting specific answers, LOL. I shave nearly 2 minutes off my 400M time with using a mask and snorkel versus nothing, not even goggles.. Also, my time is much faster in a 25M pool than open water even though my turns suck. I always considered myself a pretty strong swimmer. I didnt realize how much room there was for improvement until I started timing my swims a few months back. Working on stroke and turns lately.
I would interpret the "without swimming aids" to include not using a mask and snorkel. There is a different exercise for mask/fins/snorkel, after all!!
Goggles? I don't have an answer. If it was that important to a DMC of mine, I would have to call PADI to ask.
I infer you are also wondering about pool vs open water for the swim. The standards don't cover that, so I would say either one is fine. They also don't say if the water needs to be fresh or salt, warm or cold, or what color swim shorts you can wear. It's just not that complicated at that point.
So if you have any other remaining questions, go ahead and ask, just be focused and specific. We can clarify from past training and experience for you, but if something is actually open to interpretation, that question is for the folks that wrote the standard.
Just a bit of advice though - if you wind up with an instructor that has a couple of quirks regarding minor differences in interpretation of a standard, pick your battles carefully regarding what you need to contest. If the instructor says "no goggles" to you, just how important is it to you win that argument? If the instructor is just wrong over and over, you need a different instructor. But if you start nit-picking details, it rarely makes life any easier.