A friend who owns a dive shop did a visual on a alum tank he had in rental.
Let me get this right, your friend owns a dive shop, its his tank, in his rental pool and he doesnt know whats in it? Find a more professional dive shop or friend or both.
As for your second question
The compound in question FWIW is known as La-Co Slic Tite paste with PTFE its used specifically in Luxfer Aluminium cylinders for industrial compressed air (as opposed to diving breathing air nitrox oxygen etc)
Although you dont give any specific information or details I would not be surprised that the cylinder in question is old, purchased cheap, or second hand.
A small amount from a brush supplied in the lid of the tin wiped on one side of the neck 3/4 thread works well and is fine even with breathing air 30 years ago was used on all Luxfer aluminium diving cylinders supplied to dive shops with valves fitted from the distributor. Today cylinders are supplied bare with a plastic cap.
Either way a dive shop owner renting out cylinders should know whats in them no excuse.
Slic-tite Paste with PTFE