Hello chip104 and readers:
When SATURATION dives are made to shallow depths, the results of bubble detection and DCS are different. This is not the same as recreational scuba diving, however. The references to the long, shallow exposures are given below with the abstractes of the papers.
Dr Deco :doctor:
References :book3:
[1] Eckenhoff RG, Osborne SF, Parker JW, Bondi KR. Direct ascent from shallow air saturation exposures. Undersea Biomed Res. 1986 Sep;13(3):305-16.
Thirty-four healthy human subjects were exposed to shallow air saturation for 48
h [25.5 fsw, and 29.5 fsw] and then decompressed to 1 ATA (0 fsw) in about 2 min. Symptoms included fatigue, limb and joint pain, headache, myalgias, and pruritus. No subject of 19 was diagnosed as having decompression sickness (DCS) after the shallower exposure, but 4 of 15 were diagnosed and treated for DCS subsequent to the deeper exposure. Almost all subjects in both groups had Doppler-detectable venous gas emboli (VGE) lasting up to 12 h post decompression. This study indicates that hyperbaric air
exposures of this magnitude are not as benign as previously thought. {Abridged for this SCUBA BOARD forum}
[2] Eckenhoff RG, Olstad CS, Carrod G. Human dose-response relationship for decompression and endogenous bubble formation. J Appl Physiol. 1990 Sep;69(3):914-8.
The dose-response relationship for decompression magnitude and venous gas emboli
(VGE) formation in humans was examined. Pressure exposures of 12, 16, and 20.5 FSW were conducted in an underwater habitat for 48 h. The 111 human male volunteer subjects then ascended directly to the surface in less than 5 min and were monitored for VGE with a Doppler ultrasound device regular intervals for a 24-h period. No signs or symptoms consistent with decompression sickness occurred. However, a large incidence of VGE detection was noted. We conclude that the reduction in pressure necessary to produce bubbles in humans is much less than was previously thought; 50% of humans can be expected to generate endogenous bubbles after decompression from a steady-state pressure exposure of only 11 FSW. This may have significant implications for
decompression schedule formulation and for altitude exposures that are currently
considered benign. These results also imply that endogenous bubbles arise from
preexisting gas collections. {Abridged for this SCUBA BOARD forum}