As a new diver, I can relate. I am not AOW, but I can totally understand the feeling when swimming against a strong current and getting stressed and over exerting onself. It is a bad feeling and can certainly make new divers re-consider the sport. In my experience, I signaled my dive buddy and we ascended immediately. I felt bad as he is a seasoned diver, but he was totally fine about it as he understood the situation. That helped me get over calling a dive early and ruining another diver's day, especially a friend. My lesson from that experience was to be weary on all future dives about strong currents (I will sit out a dive if the DM says the currents are strong. I changed my fins to my old pair that are better suited for flutter kicks. next several dives were in shallower and less current areas. I am building my way to stronger currents now.
My take away from your story was not discussed, and that was that you were too buoyant at the end of the dive and could not control your ascent. I think that if this had not happened, you would be in a better mental place after the dive, and could manage the experience of the strong current and running low on air, but that , coupled with the uncontrolled buoyancy can certainly shake a new diver.
Glad you are ok.