There is a lot to unwrap here. I will try to be concise in addressing things, but not in the same order:So here's the problem...
Do we create a system with huge oversight, perhaps like medicine, with continuing education requirements, lots of oversight and great expense (not that it actually eliminates bad medicine)? Or do we count on instructors to do the right thing with some oversight, recognizing that the bell curve will inevitably mean more Debbie Snow's and perhaps needless injury and death?
The Conception disaster proves that we can always count on politicians to do the wrong thing, in that case now creating an insurance crisis that will benefit only trial lawyers instead of insisting that we enforce the regulations that already existed requiring a roving watch.
What do we do with scuba?
I think it's time for the best instructors to tell the truth. That the standards are biased in favor of the agencies selling curriculum, instead of the student. That scuba instruction needs to cost more and take longer. That insurance needs to protect the instructors as well as the students, and that agencies need to get paid for their excellent curriculum, but no more than that.
If you want to claim QA, then DO it!
Don't bamboozle the unsuspecting customer, in whose ranks I include Linnea Mills, no matter what responsibility she might also have had as a "certified diver."
1. The Conception: as you stated, there were rules in place that were ignored. Adding more rules isn't going to change things. Is there a practical oversight that could increase safety? Possibly with inspections of the realities of how the industry has changed. For example, can the electrical system provide sufficient power to meet customer needs? I suspect that is one where the market changed dramatically in the past 10 to 20 years where people have all sorts of rechargeables, including but not limited to: heated vest batteries, dive lights, camera strobes, cameras. With a full boat with worse case scenarios for all items, can the boat handle it? I'm unqualified to discuss this in greater detail than that. That's something for boat captains.
2. For reforming scuba, we cannot have a GUE-like system worldwide. While that level of quality instruction and divers would be nice, the oversight and skills are beyond (my opinion) of what the market demands. However, reform is certainly needed. I think there is a happy medium. Eliminate self-certification. Add the concept of weight distribution to address the difference between the center of mass versus center of volume/displacement. Have proper weight checks at the safety stop with empty wings/BCDs (and in the case of a dry suit, as empty as comfortable and warm), and in the case of a lot of neoprene, ensure that there is also enough weight to ascend under control in case the neoprene expands significantly. New courses should have a weight/buoyancy check. This isn't a dramatic change, but would require instructors improving their skills and knowledge. If one agency were to do this, instructors will likely crossover to other agencies that don't require it. So this would have to be a WRSTC requirement, but I have yet to hear positive things about those meetings. The fact that there is a nondisclosure agreement of discussions doesn't give me a lot of confidence in that organization.
Just a couple ideas.
3. The problem with telling the truth, there is the accusations of agency bashing, violating code of conduct (a joke, but anyway). The industry simply refuses to acknowledge the truth. The good instructors are the minority, so they just get shouted down by the champions of mediocrity that far outnumber them.
There just isn't enough will in the industry for there to be pragmatic change unforunately.
Elect me World Dominator, and I'll fix the scuba industry. I suspect that I would be the last person a number of folks here would want in that position.