There is also a gray area, at least here in Italy: coral hunters ("corallari").
These guys had their glory days in 60's ans 70's.
At the time they were diving down to 100+ meters in air and were considered the best scuba divers, a role model for all of us.
The most famous one was Raimondo Bucher.
Calling them commercial divers is inappropriate. Most of them became coral hunters for reasons unrelated from the money gained selling the red coral.
See here:
Raimondo Bucher - Wikipedia
And here (possibly using Google Translate):
Per millenni il corallo rosso del Mediterraneo occidentale è stato pescato da arabi, catalani, provenzali,…con semplici attrezzi.
www.storiedialghero.it