It always amazes me that even when one is told what BMI is not people still try and attribute things to it like physical fitness.
BMI as a tool was derived as an indirect way to measure percentage body fat. The 'gold standard' is still densitometry where one's volume is calculated in an underwater tank and this has an error of about 4%. Skin caliper measurements and BMI are indirect measurements and BMI has a good correlation with densitometry if children are excluded and those built like Michael Jordan (very athletic individuals with very low body fat). It seems
there are quite a few Joe Weider types on this board and that is great but don't get upset when your BMI is 26 as you are one of the exclusion groups. I checked Jordan's BMI by the way and it is 25.
So what is the BMI good for other than what bwerb might think?
Well the CDC has produced nice little colorful maps and charts showing over time that our population in North American has gone from 15% obese (in 1980) to 31% obese (2000). In Canada and the US we now have an epidemic of obesity.
BMI Trends
Yes one can just look at a group of persons and divide the group into fat and non-fat but this would be very different if done in Africa vs North America. The BMI was derived to allow a more accurate and easy way to measure a population's percentage body fat and compare this to the risk of dieing from various diseases. Mortality was not an all or nothing phenomena so having a fat and non-fat group wouldn't work.
The message with BMI is that mortality increases with increasing BMI not only for specific diseases but for all cause mortality. Have a look at the all cause mortality jpeg below and one can see where these healthy vs. overweight. vs obese weight zones come from. Again they have nothing to do with physical fitness.
The most striking correlation from the Nurses Health Study was between the non-smoking nurses' BMI and heart disease death risk.
BMI __Relative Risk of Death from Heart Disease (in women)
<22____1
22-25__1.4
25-27__1.7
27-29__3.1
29-32__4.6
>32____5.8
The magic of BMI shows that the risk death from heart disease at a BMI over 32 is four times that of the risk with a BMI less than 25.
The above poll for all its scientific deficiencies likely does show that divers are healthier (not same as fitness) than the general population. The 2000 CDC data show 31% of Americans are obese and the poll above shows about 15% obese or what North Americans were in 1980.
The take home message is still don't smoke, exercise regularly, and keep your BMI probably below 27 and yee shall dive well into your seventies. Diving is such a great sport as it can be done safely into old age if one does keep an eye on that magical BMI.