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OK, here is a quick history of AOW.
This certification level was first created by Orange County in the mid 1960s in response to the observation that most divers were getting certified, doing a little diving,and then dropping out. The thinking was that by introducing them to different aspects of diving, they might find an area of interest. That is why there are different kinds of dives required. NAUI, which grew out of Orange County originally and maintained close ties, followed suit shortly after. PADI came after that. The goal for all was to expose divers to different kinds of diving in the hope of spurring interest, not producing expert divers. That is why PADI eventually changed the name of the program (although not the name of the certification) to Adventures in Diving.
PADI's program used to require Deep Diving, Navigation, and Night Diving. Night diving was dropped as a requirement largely because many places in the world cannot do night diving very easily without having students start dives around midnight or in ice cold environments.