Subsurface will run natively on Macs and iPhones.You can run subsurface on your Debian vm. Challenge might be accessing ports or Bluetooth from the VM.
For any logbook program that can import UDDF (including both Subsurface and Macdive), you can use my open source program AWU2UDDF on the App Store to export dive data from the Apple Watch Ultra into a UDDF file that can be imported into the logbook software.