I dive single and double tanks.
The advantages of doubles: More gas, to allow both a good rock bottom and a good dive. Redundancy in the event of a failure.
The disadvantages: Significant cost. Significant increase in difficulty of simply managing the gear -- They're heavy, hard to lift, harder to walk in, make gearing up on a pitching boat much harder. Increased complexity -- assuming you are using an isolation manifold, you have to understand how it works, and what to do in the event of a failure. More failure points -- lots more o-rings and connections.
For deeper diving within the recreational range, having a good understanding of gas planning and gas management, and having a good buddy with well-honed team skills is probably just as useful, if not more so, than going to double tanks. Once you lose the ability to go directly to the surface, the redundancy begins to outweigh the disadvantages. JMHO.