Computers are just an indicator set to an average profile and an average person. They are adjustable to make a more aggressive or less aggressive profile so that they may be adjusted to closer match each individuals decompression needs.
Only one person knows how far they may be able to move away from an average profile, they will need to be very experienced.
Many older divers grew up without computers and used 'In Water' re-compression as standard practice.
Many of these older divers will have 'bent' and 'mended' themselves over the years enough to understand their body's limits.
Diving in the early years was a learning curve that few new divers will ever get close to.
There is no substitute for experience.
Give the old guy some credit for knowing more than most.
Wow. This kind of "wisdom based on experience", not science, is interesting to me. So you're saying that we should assume that this diver, since he has a high level of diving experience, probably has been bent enough over the years to understand his limits.
No one "knows" their individual limits without taking the time to scientifically study, post dive, over a significant number of dives, nitrogen and oxygen levels, hydration, exertion, body temp, water temp, time of exposure and depth, and many other factors. Even with much experience, the fact that someone hasn't been bent doesn't give them additional insight into their limits. They'll never know how close or far the were to/from getting bent. There are too many factors to consider to accurately know that.
As you stated, modern computer models are built on an average profile for an average person. The problem is that none of us know how close we are to that average person. Therefore, we can't accurately relate to or modify those models on an individual basis.
I wouldn't have a problem with the diver diving the following day with a new computer. I would have a problem if he a) did not waive the first dive after his computer died and/or b) did not plan his subsequent dives using a computer or table to model residual nitrogen and limits using the actual data from his previous dives. From the OP information, it sounds like he a) continued his dive after his computer died and b) disregarded info from the previous dives and decided to use another computer that started fresh on NDLs.
I wouldn't dive with the guy if he did a) and b) above.