To be clear... there aren't ANY 5 Star hotels on Bonaire. Nor are there any beaches to speak of. Certainly not any FAB beaches.
The fact of the matter is that conditions that make for fabulous beaches - like wide, long expanses of powder fine sand and gently lapping water - by definition tend to make for crappy shore diving. See Long Bay on Tortola...
Or Dickenson's Bay on Antigua...
Conversely, conditions that make for great shore diving - hard bottom, little sand, reef with significant drop-off close to shore, jagged/varied coastlines, etc - by definition make for crappy beaches. See Tailor Made on Bonaire...
Or Playa Funchi...
As Nivek suggests, Curacao has the same type of diving as Bonaire (Albeit fewer sites, and navigating the island is not as easy) but with some honest to goodness beaches. Not "fabulous beaches" but very nice beaches.
As my wife says "Bonaire is where divers go to vacation. Curacao is where vacationers go to dive." And I think it's a good balance of "great shore diving" and "very nice beaches." See Cas Abou beach...
Or Grote Knip...
Or Playa Porto Marie...
That said, there are no 5-Star resorts on Curacao. In fact, there are few 5-Star resorts in all of the Caribbean. (Bear in mind that most Caribbean "5 Star" properties would be 4 Star anywhere else.) Fewer still located anywhere there's great diving of any type. Ritz Carlton on Grand Cayman and a few of the private island types in the BVIs are all that come to mind. However, there are ZERO 5 Star hotels located anywhere in the Caribbean where there is decent, plentiful shore diving. Trust me... I would know if there were. There aren't even any 4 Star ones. (With the possible exception of Harbour Village on Bonaire, which is a 4 Star hotel on a 3 Star island.)
My family and I love the Marriott on Curacao. It's not 5 Star. My wife calls it "Caribbean 4 Star." Curacao has nice beaches, including one at the Marriott which is not great, but fine. Marriott has a house reef and on-site dive op (Caribbean Sea Sports) with two boats that go out daily, AM and PM. Rent a car and drive around to some of the other beaches. Most of the larger/nicer ones have an on-site dive op. In fact two of them have outposts of the Marriott's dive op.