ChillyWaters:
I read somewhere about the memory effect being mostly myth. The batteries actually had to be run down to the exact some level repeatedly, which is unlikely to occur for consumer applications.
1. It was early generation NiCd where the chemistry wasn't as pure as modern (post 1985!) cells.
2. It was a satellite application with repeated indentical charge/discharge cycles as the satellite went into and out of the earth's shadow.
3. The "memory effect" was just a minor voltage depression, i.e. just a bump on the voltage vs. time discharge curve that didn't greatly affect energy storage.
The strength of this myth is amazing.
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Lead Acid / Gel cells / SLA batteries are greatly damaged by overdischarge. Irreversible chemical changes.
All of the various Lithium Ion chemistries I know of are similarly damaged if discharged below a certain voltage.
NiCd and NiMH
cells can aren't damaged too badly for a full discharge and can be stored fully discharged. Their life is reduced, but it isn't a totally destructive thing as with lead acid or LiIon.
OTOH, NiCd and NiMH cells don't like to be
reverse charged. Fully discharging a NiCd or NiMH
battery (a bunch of cells in series) will reverse charge the weakest cell(s), thereby significantly damaging it. That's why a lot of electronics has low voltage cutoffs which shut down the system at (N-1) * 1.1V ----- that's the voltage you will have with most cells fully discharged and 1 cell just getting to the point of being reverse charged by the others in series.