The chief concern is that the Epiphyseal line (the line of growth in the long bones) may be easily and permanently damaged by nitrogen bubbles, should they form there. It isn't easy to quantify how susceptable the line may be to damage as it is a dynamic growth area, changing in its activity and nature as it progresses from a growth area to "just bone."
Should an epiphyseal line be damaged, that could cause a bone to stop growing - one leg shorter than the other, for example. Or even osteonecrosis.
No matter how qualified mentally or strong physically a youngster may be otherwise, it is prudent to keep them away from deep dives (and long dives at medium depths) - and especially any dives beyond the no-stop limits - until they have stopped growing taller.
As with diving while pregnant, there is no vast data bank from which to draw definitive statistical correlations on this issue, so the question becomes "Do you want your youngster to be a data point?"
Rick