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No,
It is primarily used for back lighting conditions.
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Is this shorthand for "when there is bright background, the 'fill-in' mode tells the camera to flash so the subject is not too dark"?
Look, you give your answers and I will give mine, rather than picking mine apart. "Back lighting" of a subject is a well understood term. If you want to "back light" my answer or come up with your own fine, leave off the snide remarks.
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This mode should not be used underwater because it is best to avoid using the built-in flash underwater.