Bites..?

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Justine

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Scuba Instructor
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Location
Perhentian Islands, Malaysia
# of dives
I get these bites, stinging sensation when bitten, when inflamed they look like mosquitoe bites but much larger and redder, and it itches really bad and dont go away for at least a week!

I usually get them when I got snorkelling and diving as well. If when diving, I'm not wearing a full suit, the stings will be all over the exposed hands & legs.

I usually take anti histamine pills and apply steroid creams to minimise the itches.

What are the cause of these bites? I have varied opinions from the local DMs that they could be plankton bites? / particles I'm allergic to / jellyfish??

Anyone?
 
You have not been bitten. You've received stings. They can be from any of a number of different sources. Most common is sea lice, which are actually Thimble Jellyfish in the larval stage.
 
I'm assuming that we're talking saltwater diving/snorkeling here.

If so, sounds very much like you had a run in with sea bather’s eruption (SBE) as it's high season now not only in the greater Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, Florida & Bahamas, but in your region as well.

SBE is primarily caused by the larval form of thimble jellyfish, but also can be caused by the larval forms of certain sea anemones.

The following edited version from my Oct '99 "Ask RSD" column in "Rodale's Scuba Diving" may provide some useful info:

"I. What are 'sea lice' and what can I do about them?

A common form of skin disorder after diving is Sea Bather's Eruption, or SBE. Often mistakenly attributed to 'sea lice,' which are parasites of fish, SBE is primarily caused by the larval form of thimble jellyfish, very small creatures which float near the surface. Found in Florida, Mexico and the wider Caribbean, they are most numerous from March to August, with early April to early June being peak season.

The main feature of SBE is raised and itchy red welts/blotches which appear 4 to 24 hours after swimming or diving. The larvae tend to attach to swim wear, dive suits and hair, causing the skin under covered areas of the body and around the back of the neck to be most affected. Depending on exposure and individual sensitivity, there may be fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, generalized weakness or chills.

Prevention of stings is the best way to combat SBE. You should: (1) Ask resorts and dive shops if they are aware of heavy infestation. If the report is bad, you can scrub the diving; (2) Wear a snug fitting full body protective suit which fits tightly at the neck, wrist and ankle. Swim suits and T-shirts are not recommended; (3) Apply a thin layer of sun protectant, baby oil or petroleum jelly to the skin; (4) When surfacing, vigorously purge your second stage above your head just before breaking the water. If on a night dive, turn your light off at the safety stop and keep it off; (5) Perform your safety stop at between 15-20' as this is often below the depth at which the larvae congregate; (6) Remove wet garments immediately and wash yourself thoroughly. Do not rinse off with any items on.

If you do get stung: (1) Immediately apply a mixture of 1/2 isopropyl alcohol and 1/2 vinegar to affected skin areas, or whatever is on the boat for such stings. Allow it to dry. Or, put on a thin paste of meat tenderizer and allow to dry. In place of meat tenderizer, some find it more soothing to rub the area with papaya if it is readily available. (2) Bathing in or applying colloidal oatmeal, which can be purchased at the pharmacy or grocery store, may afford additional relief. Follow these actions with the topical application of hydrocortisone cream/lotion, preferably prescription strength, as directed. If you do not have or cannot use hydrocortisone, Calamine lotion with menthol can be applied; (3) Given that there are no contraindications, take an oral antihistamine (nonsedating type if you are going to continue diving) if the allergic reaction continues; and (4) Wash all garments well in warm, soapy water and let dry completely before wearing again.

Remember that if you have a severe allergic reaction, or don't get substantial resolution from self treatment, or the eruption seems to be getting worse or infected, you should seek medical attention in a timely manner."

Best regards.

DocVikingo
 
Good to know. I was recently diving/snorkelling in Mexico and I got a few stings on my ankles. I thought they seemed worse than mosquito bites and I hadn't seen any mosquitos. I took Benadryl Allergy and that helped a lot.

My worse sting was about 6mm in diameter and 1-2mm high. The area around the bump (about 1cm all the way around) was swollen too. The itching was fairly severe until I took the Benadryl.

Thanks again for the information.
 
Hello...Doc Vikingo - I'm surfing the web for answers about this topic and you seem to be knowledgable.... so, I'm wondering. I was swimming off the coast of British Columbia last night and I woke up the next day with what looked to me like sea lice/thimble jellyfish stings. I'd had a pretty strong reaction to them a few years ago in the Bahamas, but I was not aware that they lived this far north. Or in water this cold. Do they? Or is this something different, do you think? Also, you mentioned about not swimming with a light on at night. The phosphoresence/bioluminecence was really bright last night. Would that have influenced them? Thanks for your input. Carmen
 
Sea lice are actually parasites of fish. While they do infect PNW salmon populations at certain times, it's highly unusual that they would affect humans.

Confusing the issue, the term "sea lice" is erroneously applied to the various marine larvae & other organisms that cause sea bather’s eruption (SBE) & other conditions in man.

While SBE is primarily caused by the larval form of thimble jellyfish found in the Caribbean & warmer Atlantic waters, it can be caused by a range organisms found in BC waters that produce larvae with nematocysts, including other types of jellyfish, anemones & hydroids.

Saltwater-contracted skin eruptions involving reddish welts/spots can also result from run-ins with certain types of phytoplankton, seaweed, bacteria & snail larvae.

I doubt that the phosphorescence/bioluminescence had any relationship to your dermatitis.

This is educational only and does not constitute or imply a doctor-patient relationship. It is not medical advice to you or any other individual, and should not be construed as such.

Best regards.

DocVikingo
 
Just as a note on what I have used in warm water for SBE caused by thimble jellyfish, or to protect myself from SBE, is a protective lotion called Safe Sea. This lotion is composed of a combination of glycosaminoglycans, magnesium and potassium chloride that naturally coat the Clown Fish to help neutralize the stinging mechanism of most jellyfish and similar stinging sea creatures.

Speaking from experience; I was diving FL earlier this year during "Sea Lice" season. I have been there during this season in the past and experienced SBE. With this lotion I acquired one sting on my neck "likely a spot that I missed w/ the lotion", in only one of 8 dives of using the Safe Sea lotion, the others were sting-free.

Cheers
~Crazy_J
:doctor:
 
You can find an extended discussion of "SafeSea," and of the nature & treatment of nematocyst envenomations, in my article in the Sep '03 (present) issue of Undercurrent http://www.undercurrent.org/ .

Best regards.

DocVikingo
 
https://www.shearwater.com/products/perdix-ai/

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